1. What is it called when a child is in a sort of mental discomfort that encourages them to try to make sense of what they are observing? (Understand, pg. 29)
2. According to Ormrod, what appears to be the most effective approach when working with English language learners in the classroom? (Evaluate, pg. 55)
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ReplyDelete1). Disequilibrium. But the idea is a bit more than mental discomfort, at least in the stages beyond it. From my understanding, disequilibrium occurs when we see something that we can't quite make sense of, something we don't have any sort of schema for. To remedy this, we construct a schema through accommodation that allows us to reinterpret and figure out the information from our existing schemes or through the creation of new ones (Ormrod, 2011, p. 28). If we are effectively teaching students, this should occur quite often. This can be invoked science experiments, as students must test their own hypotheses. If it was wrong, disequilibrium will occur.
ReplyDeleteI have to say, definitely yes on the understanding for Blooms' here. To me, it shouts that students are interpreting what the information/materials the teacher presents them, and they have to figure out the meaning. If they don't then they aren't understanding and will stay on the equilibrium.
2). The bilingual education model seems to be what Ormrod goes for, as they are being taught English while also studying in their native languages for other subject areas. Another gain she cites is their positive attitude, as they understand what is going on, as opposed to immersion, which is perhaps too overwhelming for recent ELLs.
We see this type of model implemented in many deaf classroom situations too. It is referred to at present as the Bilingual-Bicultural model, with ASL as the primary means of instruction and English serving as the writing method (Deafed). While there doesn't seem to be as much research as professionals would like before implementing this strategy everywhere, it stands to reason that using their native language could communicate ideas more effectively. It just so happens that in this case, they oftentimes have even more trouble acquiring another spoken language, as they can't hear and acquire it as naturally as their normal hearing peers.
I'd go for Evaluate here, as we are seeing which method of instruction is best for ELLs. These are the standards we are judging, if it's best to immerse in a rich English environment, or go a bit more steady on that.
http://www.deafed.net/publisheddocs/sub/ivd1c.htm